Genetics

Androgen insensitivity

Androgen insensitivity can produce "women" with XY chromosomes since the androgen receptors responsible for directing the cell into male or female expression are broken, resulting in the default behaviour for each gene. Special consideration should be taken in this regard. The presence of the Y chromosome always creates male internal organs.

Full AIS results in typically female characteristics, including external female body parts. This should be given consideration depending on the circumstances and culture of the individual, however since this does not really affect anything until puberty it is likely that the person has been considered a woman up to that point, and she may find it more normal to continue that way at least until she is an adult. The androgen insensitivity prevents testosterone production, which would make her more likely to consider herself a woman, and should qualify her for women's sports. Despite this, having male internal organs prevents her from reproducing.

Partial AIS results in male appearance including external male body parts and may still allow reproduction in some cases with supplemental testosterone. Since the mutation is on the X chromosomes, assuming the mother is not a carrier, daughters would be carriers, and sons would be normal. Whether or not a person opts to do this is certainly up to them. If they marry someone who is a carrier, their children could end up with the same situation again, including daughters who have both genes. In that case, the daughter's sons would definitely have it and her daughters would definitely be carriers. It is not known whether carrying two mutated X genes results in any abnormality besides being a carrier.